Neuroendocrine mechanisms in the links between early life stress, affect, and youth substance use: A conceptual model for the study of sex and gender differences.

Donovan A, Assari S, Grella C, Shaheen M, Richter L, Friedman TC. Neuroendocrine mechanisms in the links between early life stress, affect, and youth substance use: A conceptual model for the study of sex and gender differences. Front Neuroendocrinol. 2024 Jan 20; 73:101121.

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Theodore C. Friedman, MD, PhD
Shervin Assari, MD
Magda A Shaheen, MD, PhD

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